Evaluation of Various Method and Efficiencies for Treatment of Effluent from Iron and Steel Industry—a Review

This study reviews waste water characterization of iron and steel industry and treatment procedures involved in these industries. The production of iron from its ores involves powerful reduction reaction in blast furnaces. Cooling waters are inevitably contaminated with products especially ammonia and cyanide. Production of coke from coal in coking plants also requires water cooling and the use of water in by-products separation. Contamination of waste streams includes gasification products such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, cyanide, ammonia phenols, cresols together with an array of more complex organic compounds known collectively as Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). Different treatment techniques has been utilised in order to reduce pollution mainly caused by organic compounds and aromatics. These techniques were UV-photolysis, hydrogen peroxide and ozone oxidation, electro-oxidation, etc. The efficiency of the combination between bioreactors and UV process was also tested.